Overview
ISO 4510-2:1996 - Earth-moving machinery - Service tools - Part 2: Mechanical pullers and pushers provides guidance on the types, general requirements and main nominal dimensions of mechanical pullers, pushers, attachments and adaptors used in repair and maintenance of earth‑moving machinery. This second edition (1996) replaces the 1986 edition and includes figures, dimensional tables and an informative Annex A with application examples.
Key topics and technical requirements
- Scope and types: Defines mechanical pullers (2‑jaw, 3‑jaw, combinations), push‑pullers, internal and external pulling attachments, pulling adaptors (male/female threads) and step‑plate adaptors. Illustrations are provided in figures 1–9.
- Design principles: Components must allow free movement and minimum clearance between parts to ensure safe, effective operation.
- Forcing screw and head:
- Forcing screw pressure end must have a 60° conical point to align load with the shaft centre.
- Screw heads or nuts shall be square or hexagonal sized to accept standard wrenches (refer to ISO 4510‑1).
- Grip and safety: Jaw gripping ends must prevent slippage for all settings within puller capacity.
- Adaptors & protection:
- Pulling adaptors (male/female threads) are specified for compatibility with push‑pullers (table of thread sizes included).
- Step plate adaptors protect shaft centres from distortion and are used where extreme pressure is applied or when shafts are hollow/no centre hole.
- Dimensions and capacity: Main nominal dimensions for jaw tips, knife‑edges, push‑puller legs, adaptor threads and step‑plate diameters are given in tables (tables 1–5). Note: dimensions are metric; inch equivalents are permitted only where required for local conditions.
- Informative annex: Annex A shows practical assembly/disassembly examples and manufacturer notes on accommodation of jaws, slots and step areas.
Practical applications
ISO 4510-2 is used to:
- Specify appropriate mechanical pullers and pushers for repair tasks on excavators, loaders, graders and similar earth‑moving equipment.
- Guide design decisions where machine designers must choose tool‑compatible dimensions (e.g., bearing recesses, threaded holes).
- Provide maintenance teams with standard references for selecting pullers, internal/external attachments and adaptors during bearing, gear and shaft removal or installation.
Who should use this standard
- Machine manufacturers and designers (to ensure serviceability)
- Maintenance engineers and field service technicians
- Tool and accessory manufacturers (to design compatible pullers/adaptors)
- Equipment owners preparing operation and maintenance manuals
Related standards
- ISO 4510‑1:1987 - Common maintenance and adjustment tools
- ISO 6165 - Earth‑moving machinery - Basic types - Vocabulary
- ISO 6750:1984 - Operation and maintenance - Format and content of manuals
Keywords: ISO 4510-2:1996, earth‑moving machinery, service tools, mechanical pullers and pushers, pulling attachments, adaptors, maintenance, repair, dimensions.
